ABSTRACT
The Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology [SART] method of embryo grad- ing is unique, simple, and widely practiced, and its use has been mandatory for SART membership programs since 2010. Developed by SART in 2006, the current embryo grading system categories, [good, fair, and poor,] are limited because they do not describe the best 1-2 embryos in the interest of keeping pace with the shift in clinical practice to be more selective and to transfer fewer embryos. This inspired us to conduct a review on the SART embryo grading system. In this retrospective study, the literature on evaluation of human embryo quality in gen- eral, and the SART method of evaluation in particular, were reviewed for the period of 2000 to 2014. A multifaceted search pertaining to methods of embryo grading and trans- fer using a combination of relevant terms [embryo, mammalian, embryo transfer, grade, grading, morphology, biomarkers, SART, and in vitro fertilization [IVF]] was performed. The inclusion and exclusion in this review were dictated by the aim and scope of the study. Two investigators independently assessed the studies and extracted information. A total of 61 articles were reviewed. Very few studies have evaluated the efficacy of the SART embryo grading method. The present study suggests the necessity for revision of the current SART grading system. The system, as it is now, lacks criteria for describing the cohort specific best embryo and thus is of limited use in single embryo transfer. The study foresees heightened descriptive efficiency of the SART system by implementing the proposed changes. Strengths and weaknesses of the SART embryo grading were identified. Ideas for selecting the best cohort-specific embryo have been discussed, which may trigger methodological improvement in SART and other embryo grading systems
ABSTRACT
The samples of secondary packaging items [cartons, labels and package inserts] of 45 essential drug products used at Union health and family welfare center and Thana health complex level, that included 23 solid [tablet and capsule], 34 liquid [syrup, suspension, and injectables] and 4 semisolid [ointment and cream] preparations either manufactured in Bangladesh or imported by local distributing agencies, were thoroughly examined from April 30, 2005 to March 31, 2006 on the basis of 32 parameters which are usually regarded important for the labeling of any pharmaceutical preparation including essential drug products. Many of the products were available simultaneously as solid, liquid and topical [total 74 different] dosage forms and all dosage forms have been considered in this study. The secondary packaging items of a total of 58 pharmaceutical companies for 45 generics of essential drug products have been collected, sorted/arranged and meticulously studied, and packaging parameters were accumulated for analysis. It has been observed that many of the important packaging information were either completely missing or not properly described. This study was aimed at examining the extent of the packaging information provided in the secondary packaging items